Hydraulic honing and lapping machine



Aug. 1l, 1931. T'. F. QUIGLEY 1,818,098

HYDRAULIC HONING AND LAPPING MACHINE Filed Feb. 25. 1928 3 Sheets-.Sheet l atroz www NLS @EL ,W

Aug. 1l, 1931. T. F. QUIGLEY HYDRAULIC HONING AND LAPPING MACHINE Filed Feb. 23, 1912?:1 3 Sheets-Sheei 2 Ag. 11, 1931. T. F. QUIGLEY HYDRAULIC HO Filed Feb. 25,- 1928 NING AND LAPPING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented I ug. 11, 1931 PATENT OFFICE UNITED STATES 'rIIonAs r. QUIGLEY, or CLEVELAND, oHIo, AssIGNon To MIcRonA'rIc IroNn coaronA'rIoN, A conroaATIoN or MICHIGAN n HYDRAULIC KONING AND LAPPING MACHDIE Application led February 23, 1928. Serial No. 258,244.

the necessity'ofviitting into such bodies, pistons or like members requiring exceedingly close and accurate fitting in operation. Means for the purpose stated are commonly known as lapping heads or hones and are 1 primarily useful for grinding and polishing l5 gine cylinder the surfaces operated upon, with remarkable accuracy. 'i

The improvements of this invention are primarily to the type of hones or laps for engrinding purposes wherein there is employed a head at the exterior of which are mounted abrading devices, instrumentalities being arranged within the head for controlling the adjustment of the abrading-members to the r uired nicety eiective for the grinding land' nishing operation of the hollow body with which' the tool of the invention is used.`

It is, highly desirable in a tool of the class described, that the abradin which perform the grinding an finishing function shall be positively -held in expanded positions for their eec'tive action upon the work, and that these members shall be capable of such pivotal or tilting and radial adjustment as to be expanded by equal or unequal movements outward of' their opposite ends or proper action upon the cylinder wall, or wall of whatever body is being finished, and in order that the abrading surfaces of the abrading members may be set in parallelism with the wall or work in process of being finished.

In the operation of tools of the class described, owing to conditions of service, it is not uncommon that the abrading surfaces of the abrading members are somewhat more greatly worn at one or corresponding ends than at the other ends, and .for effective utility, it is highly desirable and necessary that the means for expanding the abrading members shall enable their surfaces to be adjusted in parallelism with the work operated on throughout the grinding and finishing opermembers.

ation. By this invention such adjustment is manually accomplished.

To the end of obtaining a highly eiicient tool for the purposes described, I utilize independently movable expanding elements mounted within a bore in the head, each element serving as an inner cam element coacting with a set of outer cam elements upon the adjacent corresponding ends of exteriarly mounted shoes for abrading members. I further utilize operating means wherebyeto effect independent movement of said inde pendently acting expanding elements so that each of these elements may be moved, irrespective of whether the other element is moved or not, the movements of the elements for expanding the abrading members at either end or at both ends being controlled bythe said operating device or means, which coacts with both of the expanding elements and is preferably under manual control. In the carrying out of my invention, I contemplate use of an operating device which is hydraulic in its character consisting of a piston capable of acting upon a li uid of eater or less viscosity disposed in t e holow portion of the head carrying the abrading members, or an extension thereof, the action of the piston being to force the fluid medium operated on thereby so that the latter exerts a pressure force against the abrading member expanding elements, which force may act independently thereon so that these elements may perform theirexpanding functions independently of one another, by the manual control provided therefor.

I have embodied 'my invention in the hydraulic type of lapping head or hone illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical section through the grinding tool and driving instrumentalities.

Figure .2 is a transverse section through the head and abrading members.

Figure 3 is a transverse section through the universal joint taken about on the line 3--3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a transverse section through the connection between the head and driving mechanism taken about on the line 4-4 of Fi ure 1.

igure 5 is a detail showing of the bayonet joint between the driving means and head. Figure 6 is an enlarged detailed view, partly in section, of a pQrtion of the slot connection. l

Figure? is a fragmentary showing of an abrasive member mounted in the head, bringing outmore particularly the circumferential v groove 1n the head receiving pins on the abrasive members. Y

Figure 8 isa fragmentary view in transverse section of the pin connection between an abrading member and the head. Y

Figure 9 is a detail fragmentary showing of a portion of the braking instrumentalities.

Figure 10 is a side view of the driving andv braking instrumentalities associated therewith, parts being removed to more clearly bring out the construction of other parts.

Figure 11 is a view somewhat diagrammatic of the adjustable stop means.

Figure 12 is a view partly associated bringing out the constructionof the planetary gearing.

Figure 13 is a side view somewhat diagrammatic of the universal joint between the two portions of the head.

Figure 14 is a view lin side elevation, somewhat fragmentary, of the braking instrumentalities.

Figure 15 isa detail of the braking means.

Describing my invention in detail, in conjunction with the drawings, I provide a head or cylindrical body 1 having a hollow formation to aord a passage or bore 2 through said cad. Thehead is made in two sections, the lower section generally designated 1 and the upper section generally designated atV la, these parts being connected together by universal joint means consisting ofa collar 3 having diametrically opposite screws 4 engaging the main body 1 of the head at opposite sides, and having other diametrically opposite screws 4a engaging extensions 1b of the upper section 1a of the head, the collar being loose around the'pa-rts and providing the universal coupling connection referred to. A retainer ring 5 of resilient formation encircles the'collar or ring 3, and engages the various screws to prevent loosening the same up due to vibration or other causes under actual service conditions.y Ends of the retainer member 5 are interlocked with the collar 3 by extensions at such ends engaging in recesses in the collar at points designated 6.

It will be observed that the main section-or showing of a portion head 1 projects at its upper portion into the lower tubular portion of the section 1a and is equipped with a removable end piece 7 held in place by screws 8 and through which passes a screw rod 9 having a swiveled connection at its lower end at l() with a plunger 11. In order to enable a liquid such as oil or grease or other fluid serving for a transmission of pressure to be inserted in the head 1 in the space beneath the space providing a chamber that may be continuous with the mentioned bore 2) a removable plug 12 is mounted in aside of said head to normally close the inlet opening thus provided. The plug 12 may be a pressure fitting such as known in the art as an Alemite fitting to enable grease or oil to be readily supplied to the chamber designated 13 without the removal of the plug or fitting, this being immaterial to the invention.

IVithin the head 1 are mounted the independently acting'expa-nding elements 14 and 15 which are preferably cones in specific formation. These inner cam elements are shown as facing in the same direction, the cone 14 having an extension body 14a forming a. piston closely fitting against the inner wall ofthe head 1 and the parts 14 and 14a being provided with an opening or bore concentric therewith. In the bore of the expanding element 14 and-its body 14a there may be mounted a secondary piston 16,shown as carried by a stem or rod 17 that extends below the expanding element 14 and has a pinned connection at 18 with the expanding element 15, the body of which above the cone shaped portion, fits snugly in the hollow bore 2 of the head 1.

Abrading members or shoes are mounted at the exterior surface of the head 1 and embody the carriers 19 and the abrading blocks 20. These may be of a known type, generally speaking. and may be equipped with pins 2l, arranged in separate sets and serving as outer cam elements, loosely projecting inwardly therefrom and passing through radial openings in the head 1 so as to project within the hollow portion of said head and engage with the expanding or inner cam elements 14 and 15. Springs 22 are shown as utilized to hold the abrading members upon the head under contracting tension of the springs thereby l acting to maintain the pins 21 engaged at their inner ends with the expanding surfaces of the expanding members 14 and 15.

The head l is formed with longitudinal grooves 23 in which the carriers 19'of the abrading members are seated with a fair degree of snugness permitting movement thereof, however, under expansive or contractive forces. Intermediate of their ends, the abrading members are formed with cross pins 24 that are seated in open grooves or recesses at right angles to the main grooves 23, the purpose of these cross pins being to prevent longitudinal displacement of the abrading members from the positions of their mounting upon the head 1, While permitting radial'or tilting movement thereof. A single annular groove encircling the head 1 will be provided for the various pins as the most plunger l1, (said convenient method of forming the seats for said pins 24.

With the foregoing features of construction of my tool in mind, I preferably obtain the desirable operation incident to the action of the plunger 11 downward in the chamber 13, as follows: The plun er operates to, apply pressure upon the liquld'in thechamber 13, said liquid, or its equivalent, servingoutward either end of these members 'according to which one of t-he elements 14 or 15 is actuated. Owing to the independent action of the parts 14 and 15, respectively engaging an upper or inner set and a lower or outer set of pins 21, shown as having their ends so rounded as to enable them to function in spite of some longitudinal tilting of shoes 19, to correct a pressure differential.' It is obvious that wear upon either end of the abrasive surtace of the abrading members may be compensted' for by the expansion of such end. Moreover, by the movement of the plunger 11, the opposite ends of the abrading members may be independently adjusted at all times under manual control to maintain the abrading surfaces of the shoes 19 parallel with one another, and parallel. with the walls or surfaces of the working contact with which the abrading members are operating. The plunger 11 (shown as movable inl a chamber continuous with bore 2) or other means used to apply the pressure of an identical volume of fluid to the pistons 14a and 16, shown as concentric, may be equipped with any suitable packing discs or cups as will be obvious. The upward vlimit of movement of the parts 14 and 15 is controlled by a removable screw stop 25.

The preferred operating means for. the plunger 11 as illustrated, forms the subject matter of a separate application for paten which may be briefly set forth.

The screw threaded rod 9 terminates ina square shank 26 that projects into a sleeve 27. The sleeve 27 is detachably connected with the head la by a pin and slot connection of the bayonet type as shown at 28. The sleeve 27 carries a main body member 29 having recesses therein, in which are located gears 30 and 31. The gear 30 has bearing in bushings 32 while gear 31 rotates on a pin 33 journaled in recesses'in the member 29. A large internal ring gear 34 is carriedby a sleeve 35 and is meshed with the gear 31 that iii turn engages the gear Wheel 30 that receives t-he square shank 26. The shank 26 of the shank 36 causes rotation of all the terminates in a concavity within a shank 36, adapted for connection to a suitable driving means. Under normal conditions, rotation parts comprising sleeve 35, head 29, sleeve 27 and head 1a without any functioning of the However, upon application of the brake means shown at 37 which includes a friction band 38, the rotation of the sleeve 35 is stopped, which sets into operation gears 34, 30 and 31 to cause operative rotation of the threaded rod-9. To limit the rotation of the gears in the manner previously described, the sleeve 35 is provided with a stop 39, while collar 40 carried by shank 36 is provided withv acomplemental stop 41. When the stop 39 abuts the stop 41, operative rotation of the gears is prevented. The position of stop 41 may be `varied by ratchet mechanism 42 comprising teeth 43 vand dog 44. This mechanism' determines to just what extent the plunger 11 is forced into the chamber 13.

Ratchet teeth 43 are formed on ring 45, while dog 44 is pivoted at 46 to the ring member 40. AThe rings 45 and 40 are maintained in proper relation by a collar-47.

The bayonet slot connection 28 and 29 between the head 1a and sleeve 27, is positively maintained or locked'by a locking detent 48 actuated by a leaf spring-49 fastened to the interior of the head la by a screw 50. This locking detent prevents relative rotationbetween the parts 1a and 27 thereby limiting the'possibility of an accidental disconnection of these parts. l

. Braking instrumentalities 37 land -38 comprise more particularly, the band 37 broken at'51 to provide ears5'2 which are connected together by a screw bolt 53;. vT he screw bolt 53v carries a cam actuatingemember 54, which has a cam'surface that cooperates with a cam surface 55 on one of the ears 52. Upward movement of the actuating member 54 through the vmedium of the cam surface thereon and cam 55, tightens the band 37 around sleeve 35 to prevent rotation thereof, when the operation of the tool demands such action. Nuts 56 maintain the assembly of the parts 54, 52 and 53.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new' and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

'1. In a honing or lapping tool of the class described, in' combination, a head, a plurality of abrading members carried by said head expanding elements cooperative with opposite ends of the abrading members, and means connecting these elements for separate movement to maintain the expanding elements in positions positively holding the abrading ldescribed, in combination, a head, a plural- (Years.

ity of abrading members carried by said head, expanding elements cooperative with opposite ends of the abrading members, means connecting these elements for separate movement with means for maintaining the exe pending elements in 'positions positively holding the abrading members to their Work, anda single means for acting upon the exe panding elements, said last named means permitting movement of the expandmg members relative to each other during abrading operations.

3. In a honing or lapping tool of the class described, in combination, a head, a plurality of abrading members carried by said head, and independently operating expanding elements cooperative with opposite ends of the abrading members, with means for maintaining the ex anding elements in positions positively hol ing the abrading members to their work, and a single means for acting upon the independently operating expanding elements, one expanding element comprising a portion which operates through the other.

4. In a honing or lapping tool of the class described, in combination, a head, a plurality of abrading members carried by said head, and independently operating expanding elements cooperative with opposite ends of the abrading members, with means for maintaining the expanding elements in positions positively holding the abrading members to their work, a piston carried by each expanding element, and hydraulic means acting upon the pistons for applying expanding pressure thereto.

5. In a honingor lapping tool of the class described, in combination, a head, a plurality of abrading members carried by said head, and independently operating expandingelements cooperative with opposite ends of the abrading members, with means for maintaining the expanding elements in positions positively holding the abrading members to their work, a piston carried by each expanding element, and hydraulic means acting upon the pistons for applying expanding pressure thereto, and the said pistons being disposed in approximately the same plane.

6. In a honing or lapping tool of the class described, in combination, a head, a plurality of abrading members carried by said head, and independently operating expanding elements cooperative with opposite ends of the abrading members with means for maintaining the expanding elements in positions positively holding the abrading members to their Work. coaxial pistons connected with the expanding elements and a plunger for acting upon a fluid pressure medium to apply the pressure of the latter to said pistons.

7. In a honing or lapping in tool of the class described, the combination of a head, a plurality of abrading members carried by the head, an expanding element in the head cooperative with corresponding ends of the abrading members, a separately movable expanding element in the head cooperative with the other corresponding ends of the abrading members, and operating devices connected with the expanding elements and o rable to' hold the abrading members positive y against the work without yielding, so as to make a hole of uniform bore.

8. In a honing or lapping in tool of the class described, the combination of a head, a plurality of abrading members carried by the head, an expanding element in the head cooperative with corresponding ends of the abrading members, and a se arately movable expanding element in the liead cooperative with the other corresponding ends of the abrading members, the expanding elements being arranged so as to hold the abrading members positively against the work without yielding, and a single acting means acting upon the expanding elements to so hold the abrading members against the Work though ermitting the expanding members indepen ent movement as specified.

9. A honing tool of the class described, comprising, in combination, a head, a plurality of abrading members carried by the head, independently operating expanding members cooperative With the abrading members, coaxial istons extending from the expanding mem er and constituting operating means therefor, means for applying opera' tive pressure on the pistons, and means for reventing relative longitudinal movement etween the abrading members and the head.

10. A honing tool of the class described, comprising, in combination, ahead, an abrading member carried by the head, independently operatingactuatin members cooperative with opposite ends o the abrading member to move the latter into parallelism with the work, piston means extending from the actuating members and extending into a fluid pressure chamber, the pistons being arranged to move the actuating members in the same operative direction, and a plunger for creating pressure on the fluid.

11. A honing tool of the class described, comprising, in combination, a head, a plurality of abradin members carried by the head and adjusta le relative thereto, cam expanding members independently o erable through opposite ends of the abra ing members to expand'the latter, said head having a fluid pressure chamber, means for exerting pressure on .the fluid in the chamber,

and instrumentalities for actuating the expanding members under pressurel of the fluid.

l2. In a tool of the general character described: a head provided with a longitudinal bore and with abrading shoes inwardly carrying, near the ends thereof, outer cam elements which extend, in separate sets, into said bore; independently movable inner cam eleroo ments respectively engaging the cams of one of said set-s; and hydraulic means, carried by said head, tending to position said inner cam element.

13. In a tool of the general character described: a head provided with a longitudinal bore and with abrading shoes inwardly carrying, near the ends thereof, outer cam elements which extend, in separate sets, into said bore; independently movable inner cam elements, respectively engaging the cams of one of said sets; and hydraulic means carried by said head, tending independently so to position said inner cam elements as to compensate for inequality in the wear of said shoes.

14. In a tool of the general character described: a head provided with a longitudinal bore and with abrading shoes inwardly carrying, near the ends thereof, outer cam elements which extend, in separate sets, into said bore; independently movable inner cam elements respectively engaging the cams of one of said sets; and hydraulic means, carried by said head, tending to position said inner cam elements,-said inner cam elements being carried by pistons which are concentrically related relatively to said bore.

15. In a tool of the general character described: a head provided with a longitudinal bore and with abrading shoes inwardly carrying, near the ends thereof, outer cam elements which extend, in separate sets, into said bore; independently movable inner cam elements respectively engaging the cams of one of said sets; and hydraulic means carried by said head, tending to position said inner cam elements,-said inner cam elements beingcarried by pistons which are concentrically related relatively to said bore and are exposed to thev pressure of an identical volume of fluid.

16. In a tool of the eneral character described: a head provideiri with a longitudinal bore and with abrading shoes inwardly carrying, near the ends thereof, outer cam elements which extend in separate sets, into said bore; independently movable inner cam elements respectively engaging the cams of one of said sets; and hydraulic means carried by said head, tending to position said inner cam elements,-a chamber being formed, continuous with said bore, to receive fluid comprised in said hydraulic means.

17. In a tool of the general character described: a head provided with a longitudinal bore and with abrading shoes inwardly carrying, near the ends thereof, outer cam elements which extend, in separate sets, into said bore; independently movable inner cam elements respectively engaging the cams of one of said sets; and hydraulic means, carried by said head, tending to position said inner cam elements,-a chamber being formed, continuous with said bore, to receive fluid comprised in said hydraulic means and said chamber being provided with means for varying the pressure on said fluid.

18. In a tool of the general character described: a head provided with a longitudinal bore and with abrading shoes inwardly carrying, near the ends thereof, outer cam elements which extend, in separate sets, into said bore; independently movable inner cam elements respectively engaging the cams of one of said sets; said inner cam elements being faced in the same direction; and means independently so advancing said inner cam elements as to compensate for unequal we-ar near the respective ends of saidishoes by correction of a pressure differential.

19. In a tool of the general character described: a head provided with a longitudinal bore and with abrading shoes inwardly carrying, near the ends thereof, outer cam elements which extend, in separate sets, into said bore; independently movable inner cam elements respectively engaging the cams of one of said sets;-said head being provided with a peripheral groove, and said shoes being provided with pins so entering said groove as to hold said shoes against longitudinal movement while permitting a tilting movement thereof relatively to said head, an inner cam being advanced by means responsive to a pressure differential.

In testimony whereof I ailix my signature.

THOMAS F. QUIGLEY. 

